| 摘要: |
| 目的 对传统平原农区县域村镇聚落多维形态演变特征及驱动因素的测度，可为其有序合理重构提供科学依据。方法 文章以鲁西南单县为例，运用典型指数统计、探索性空间分析、引力模型等方法，从点位、规模和结构3个维度识别1996—2021年单县村镇聚落空间格局演变特征及规律，并基于空间计量模型解析其影响因素。结果 （1）单县村镇聚落空间格局显现传统平原农区分散均质的典型特征且具有历史继承性，发展惰性普遍存在，始终未摆脱基层数量众多、县城超级极化、镇区较弱的不协调不稳定的等级结构状态。（2）单县村镇聚落多维形态特征演变存在显著的阶段特征。村镇聚落密度分区梯级递减，环城渐显核密度低值带；邻城热点区不断扩大，其他热点逐渐收缩于镇区周边；用地动态演变模式由“扩展面广、邻城消减”转向“广泛收缩、扩张集中”；由单核—放射状不均衡结构演变为单核多中心—强放射弱网络化结构，各乡镇趋向单中心空间结构模式。结论 村镇聚落空间演变的主要驱动力及其作用方式、方向、强度和路径有所差异。应当建构协调有序的县域聚落等级体系，推进城镇村联动融合发展；加强政策规划导控作用，激发村镇聚落发展内生动力，实现以人为本的高品质发展。 |
| 关键词: 村镇聚落 多维形态特征 空间演变 定量归因 传统平原农区 鲁西南单县 |
| DOI：10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20240409 |
| 分类号:TU982.29 |
| 基金项目:国家十三五重点研发计划“绿色宜居村镇技术创新重点专项”（2018YFD1100305）；天津市哲学社会科学规划项目“双循环格局下的天津乡村产业风险识别及韧性提升策略研究”（TJGL21-013）；天津大学自主创新基金“智慧应对全球市场风险的滨海外向型乡镇产业双循环发展与韧性规划策略”（2023XS-0161） |
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| MULTIDIMENSIONAL MORPHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS AND QUANTITATIVE ATTRIBUTION IN TRADITIONAL PLAIN AGRICULTURAL AREA——A CASE OF SHANXIAN COUNTY, SOUTHWEST SHANDONG |
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Wang Lin1, Tian Jian1, Zeng Jian1, Namaiti Aihemaiti1, Sun Dongqi2
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1.School of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;2.Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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| Abstract: |
| To measure the multidimensional morphological evolution characteristics and driving factors of rural settlements in traditional plain agricultural areas, which can provide scientific basis for their orderly and rational reconstruction. Taking Shanxian county in Southwest Shandong as an example, this paper comprehensively used typical index statistics, exploratory spatial analysis and gravity model to identify the evolution characteristics and laws of rural settlements in Shanxian county from 1996 to 2021 in three dimensions: distribution, scale and structure, and analyzed their influencing factors based on spatial econometric model. The results were showed as follows. (1) The spatial pattern of rural settlements in Shanxian county always showed the typical characteristics of "scattered and homogeneous" in line with the traditional plain agricultural areas, which had historical inheritance. It had never got rid of the uncoordinated and unstable hierarchical structure of a large number of small settlements, super-polarised county seat, and weak towns, and development inertia was widespread. (2) The evolution of multidimensional morphological characteristics of rural settlements in Shanxian county had significant stage characteristics. In the past 25 years, the density level of rural settlements in the county decreased orderly and the low-density zone gradually appeared around the county seat. The scale hotspots in neighbouring county seat expanded and other hotspots gradually shrinking around the towns; The dynamic evolution mode of rural settlement land changed from "general dotted expansion and disappearing near county seat' to "general dotted contraction and locally concentrated expansion". The hierarchical structure of settlements in the county had evolved from a "single-core radial unbalanced pattern" to a "single-core multi-centre and strong-radial weak networked pattern", with each township tending towards a single-centre pattern. In summary, this research concludes that the main driving forces and their action modes, directions, intensities and paths are different, especially in the stages before and after the economic and social transformation. So, it attempts to put forward some suggestions for the spatial reconstruction of rural settlements in traditional plain agricultural areas. |
| Key words: rural settlements multidimensional morphological characteristics spatial evolution quantitative attribution traditional plain agricultural area Shanxian county, Southwest Shandong |
