| 摘要: |
| 目的 探讨果园生草复合种养循环模式的经济与生态环境综合效应，促进果园生草模式的多元应用。方法 文章通过实地调研获取2019年云南省泸西县果园生产数据，运用生态循环理论，系统分析果—草—畜（羊）复合种养循环模式，并利用生态系统价值评估模型测算复合种养和清耕种植两种模式的生态系统服务价值，对比两种模式的经济与生态环境的综合效应。结果 在经济效益上，复合种养模式比清耕种植模式节约化肥6 496元/hm2、农药426元/hm2，分别降低肥料成本18%，农药成本19%；同时，果园生草替代外购饲料减少饲料成本1.956 0万元/hm2，提高经济效益4.439 9万元/hm2。生态效应上，复合种养模式增加生态系统服务价值32%，通过减少化肥及农药投入降低环境成本33%，由此果园综合效应提高4.998 2万元/hm2。结论 果园生草复合种养循环模式将果业、草业、畜牧业有机融合，实现了农业资源高效利用，同时节肥、节药、节饲效果显著，是一种生态与经济协调发展的果园生态循环模式。 |
| 关键词: 果园生草 复合种养 循环模式 效应分析 比较研究 |
| DOI：10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20211102 |
| 分类号:F323.22 |
| 基金项目:国家绿肥产业技术体系(CARS–22)资助 |
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| EFFECT ANALYSIS OF THE GRASS-ORCHARD-LIVESTOCK INTEGRATED CIRCULAR AGRICULTURE MODELA COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ORCHARDS IN LUXI, YUNNAN |
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Nong Yixin1, Hsiaoping Chien1,2, Yin Changbin3, Wan Yongquan4, Fu Libo5
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1.Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;2.Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba 305-8686, Japan;3.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;4.Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Luxi County, Honghe Prefecture, Luxi 652499, Yunnan, China;5.Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agriculture Science, Kunming 650205, Yunnan, China
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| Abstract: |
| This study aims to analyze the grass-orchard-livestock integrated circular agriculture model and its economic and ecological environmental effects for multiple applications of grass growing in orchards. Based on the ecological cycle theory, this study first systematically analyzed the grass-orchard-livestock (goat) integrated model using field survey data from Luxi, Yunnan in 2019. Then the ecological service values of the clean cultivation model and integrated circular model in orchards were calculated by using the ecosystem service value model. Lastly, their economic and ecological environmental effects were compared. The results indicated that compared with the clean cultivation model, the integrated circular model saved chemical fertilizer and pesticide costs by 6 496 yuan/hm2 and 426 yuan/hm2, which reduced 18% and 19% of the total fertilizer cost and pesticide cost. Meanwhile, substituting purchasing forage with planted grass reduced the forage cost of 19 560 yuan/hm2, resulting in an increase of direct economic benefit, 44 399 yuan/hm2. The integrated circular model increased 32% of the ecological service value and reduced 33% of the environmental costs by reducing the fertilizer and pesticide inputs, leading to an overall net benefit of 49 982 yuan/hm2. To conclude, the grass-orchard-livestock integrated circular agriculture model combines fruit, grass, and livestock, achieves higher efficiency from using agricultural resources and saving input costs of fertilizer, pesticide, and forage. It is an eco-environmental and economic coordinated circular agriculture model in orchards. |
| Key words: grassed orchard integrated crop-livestock circular model effect analysis comparative study |
